Zahra Rezaee; Mojtaba Norouzi masir; Abdolamir Moezzi
Abstract
Introduction:Organic matter based on their composition and the C/N ratio can have different effects on nutrient bioavailability, concentration and uptake in soil and plant. Beside that, organic fertilizer can increase the yield of different agricultural products and pave the wey for emergence of sustainable ...
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Introduction:Organic matter based on their composition and the C/N ratio can have different effects on nutrient bioavailability, concentration and uptake in soil and plant. Beside that, organic fertilizer can increase the yield of different agricultural products and pave the wey for emergence of sustainable agricultural . Organic matter is relatively low in majority of soils in Iran, and continuous use of chemical fertilizer would create environmental hazards . Zinc deficiency is a worldwide nutritional constraint in crop production particularly in cereals growing on calcareous soils .Materials and methods:This research was conducted to investigate the effects of organic fertilizers such as bagasse, compost and biochar and chemical fertilizer ZnSo4 on yield of wheat and concentration and uptake of Zn in wheat ,a study based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications was conducted in Greenhouse Faculty of Agriculturar of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz during the years1395-96. Treatments included:1-control ,2- ZnSo4 , 3-Bagasse 4- Biochar 5- compost. Some Physical and chemical properties were determined using standard methods (table1).some basic properties of bagasse , compost and biochar were also determined (table 2). after the experiment ,soil and plant properties such as pH, organic matter content(OM), available Zn in soil. and yield , yield components and concentration and uptake of Zn in wheat were determined in samples.After seed ripening grain , yield and component yield were measured from the total pot of each treatment.Statisical analysis of the data was performed using SAS software and comporision using Toki method was also performed.Results: the intial soil was clay loam with organic matter content( om=0.79).Results showed that the treatments had significant effect (p≤ 0.01) on percentage of organic carbon, organic matter, the availability of Zn and pH of soil . Also content of soil micro element affected by treatments and amount of these parameters were increased by using of organic fertilizers .Increase the organic matter in soil by compost improved a must of chemical peroperties and Increase concentration nutrient element in soil. Results showed that pH in the control decreased significantly from 7.74 of soil to 7.53 of soil in the compost. Results showed that the available Zn in the control increased significantly from 0.5 mg kg-1 of soil to 0.71 mg kg-1 of soil in the compost.The results of the experiment showed that all treatments except bagsse increased factors wheat yield . Compost showed greatest yield and bagasse the lowest yield in the the wheat root, grain and shoots (compared to the control). The highest grain yield was obtained from the application of compost. The maximum amount of chlorophylls (a, b, total and SPAD), with application compost. The highest Plant height was obtained from the application of biochar. The results showed that the highest and the lowest of va lue concentration and uptake of Zn in wheat to compos and bagasse respectivity. The maximum amount of chlorophylls (a, b, total and SPAD), with application compost. The highest Plant height was obtained from the application of biochar. The results showed that the highest and the lowest of va lue concentration and uptake of Zn in wheat to compos and bagasse respectivity. Discussion:The obtained result highlight the increased effects of compost on yield and yield components and Zn uptake change in wheat, also in comparison to other treatments, it emphasizes ore on the soil though they were useful too. Therefore, it can be concluded that applying organic fertilizers especially composted form would have, useful effects on plant growth and increasing the concentration of Zn of wheat .The obtained result highlight the increased effects of compost on yield and yield components and Zn uptake change in wheat, also in comparison to other treatments, it emphasizes ore on the soil though they were useful too. Therefore, it can be concluded that applying organic fertilizers especially composted form would have, useful effects on plant growth and increasing the concentration of Zn of wheat .The obtained result highlight the increased effects of compost on yield and yield components and Zn uptake change in wheat, also in comparison to other treatments, it emphasizes ore on the soil though they were useful too. Therefore, it can be concluded that applying organic fertilizers especially composted form would have, useful effects on plant growth and increasing the concentration of Zn of wheat .
Plant Nutrition, Soil Fertility and Fertilizers
Ali Abdolahi; Mehdi Taghavi; Mojtaba Norouzi masir; Abdolamir Moezzi
Abstract
Nanotechnology has created a range of new applications in different stages of agriculture. The application of Nano-fertilizers for plants is of vital importance because of its unique properties, such as the specific surface and high reactivity. Many studies have investigated the effect of metal nanoparticles ...
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Nanotechnology has created a range of new applications in different stages of agriculture. The application of Nano-fertilizers for plants is of vital importance because of its unique properties, such as the specific surface and high reactivity. Many studies have investigated the effect of metal nanoparticles on yield and concentration of elements in the plant. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of Functionalized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (FIONPs) on plant yield, concentration and uptake of Zinc in root and shoots of wheat under greenhouse cultivation in a calcareous soil. Materials and Methods This study was conducted in the greenhouse condition as a randomized complete design with three replications. Treatment consisted of functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (Hydroxyl: OH, Carboxyl: COOH and Amine: NH2) each at three levels (100, 200 and 300 mg.kg-1), ZnSO4 (40 kg.ha-1) and Control. During the experiment, some parameters such as the plant height and chlorophyll index were measured. At the end of the cultivation period, dry weight and Zn concentration of root, shoot and grain was determined using Atomic absorption apparatus (Perkin elmer A_Analyst 200 model). Likewise, content of soil available Zn was measured using DTPA. Results The amount of available zinc in all levels of iron oxide nanoparticles, except Amine iron oxide nanoparticles (at levels of 200 and 300 mg / kg), was significantly (p < 0.01) increased compared to control. The maximum amount of soil available Zn were observed in levels of 300, 200 and 100 mg.kg-1 Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles with 83.64, 70.91 and 63.64% increment compared to control, respectively. Effect of treatments of functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles and zinc sulfate on chlorophyll content, plant height and dry weight of shoots was significant (p < 0.01). The maximum yield of root and shoot was obtained at the level of 300 mg.kg-1 of Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles with 34.74 and 25.1% increment compared to control, respectively. The maximum grain yield was observed at the level of 300 mg.kg-1 of Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles with 36.51% increment compared to control. The maximum chlorophyll content was obtained in Carboxyl iron oxide nanoparticles (at level of 300 mg. kg-1) with 11.38% increment compared to control. The maximum of Zinc concentration in root, shoot and grain was observed at the level of 300 mg.kg-1 carboxylic oxide nanoparticles with 103.62, 159.26 and 26.87% increment compared to control, respectively. Conclusions The results showed that application of FIONPs improved soil pH and subsequently available zinc of soil. Also, nanoparticles increased the yield, concentration and uptake of zinc in root, shoots and grain of wheat. Therefore, based on the obtained results from this study, it can be said that use of new strategies such as nanoparticles can be useful in improving soil conditions and bioavailability of Micronutrient like Zinc and reducing chemical fertilizers.
